Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD) is a form of depression that occurs at specific times of the year, most commonly during the fall and winter months when daylight hours are shorter. Individuals with SAD may experience symptoms such as persistent sadness, low energy, increased sleep, weight gain, and a loss of interest in activities they once enjoyed.

Understanding the Causes of SAD

The exact cause of SAD is not fully understood, but it's believed to be related to the reduced level of sunlight during the fall and winter months. This decrease in sunlight may disrupt your body's internal clock (circadian rhythm) and lead to feelings of depression. Additionally, reduced sunlight can cause a drop in serotonin levels, a neurotransmitter that affects mood, and disrupt the balance of melatonin, which plays a role in sleep patterns and mood.

Recognizing the Symptoms

Symptoms of SAD can vary from mild to severe and may include:

• Feeling depressed most of the day, nearly every day

• Losing interest in activities you once enjoyed

• Experiencing changes in appetite or weight

• Having problems with sleep

• Feeling sluggish or agitated

• Having difficulty concentrating

• Feeling hopeless, worthless, or guilty

• Having frequent thoughts of death or suicide

It's important to note that these symptoms can interfere with daily functioning and are not simply a case of the "winter blues."

Effective Treatments for SAD

If you're experiencing symptoms of SAD, several treatment options may help:

1. Light Therapy: Exposure to bright light using a light therapy box can help compensate for the reduced natural sunlight during the fall and winter months. Sitting in front of a light box for about 30 minutes each morning can improve mood and alleviate symptoms.

2. Psychotherapy: Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is effective in treating SAD. CBT helps individuals identify and change negative thought patterns and behaviors that contribute to depression.

3. Lifestyle Modifications: Engaging in regular physical activity, spending time outdoors during daylight hours, and maintaining a consistent sleep schedule can help alleviate symptoms. Additionally, incorporating stress management techniques such as yoga or meditation can be beneficial.

4. Medication: Antidepressant medications, particularly selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), can be effective in treating SAD. Consult with a healthcare provider to determine if medication is appropriate for you.

If you find that your seasonal depression symptoms are affecting your daily life, it's important to seek professional help. Dr. Doi is extremely experienced in diagnosing and treating anxiety and depression.  Schedule a free discovery call to meet with the doctor and discuss steps toward healing.